Fire Protection System

A Fire Protection System is an integrated network of equipment, piping, and control devices designed to detect, control, suppress, or extinguish fire in order to protect life, property, and assets. These systems are essential for compliance with fire safety regulations, risk mitigation, and uninterrupted operations in residential, commercial, and industrial facilities.

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Core Components & Subsystems

1. Fire Detection and Alarm System (FDAS)

• Purpose: Early detection of smoke, heat, or flame to trigger alarms and activate suppression systems

• Components:

  • Smoke detectors (photoelectric or ionization type)

  • Heat detectors (rate-of-rise or fixed-temperature)

  • Manual call points (pull stations)

  • Control panel and sounders/strobes

  • Interface with BMS or SCADA (optional)

2. Fire Suppression Systems

• Wet Sprinkler System: Pressurized water-based system activated by heat

• Dry Pipe System: For unheated areas; water held back by air pressure until activation

• Deluge System: Open nozzles with a common control valve for high-hazard areas

• Pre-action System: Combines detection and suppression for sensitive environments

• Gas-based Systems: Clean agent (FM-200, NOVEC 1230), CO₂, or inert gas systems for electrical and server rooms

• Foam Systems: AFFF or high-expansion foam used in petrochemical and flammable liquid hazards

3. Fire Hydrant and Hose Reel System

• External and internal hydrants with landing valves

• Hose reels with nozzles for manual firefighting

• Fire brigade connections for external fire service support

4. Fire Pump System

• Comprises electric, diesel, and jockey pumps

• Delivers required pressure and flow to sprinkler and hydrant networks

• Installed with controllers, pressure gauges, and isolation valves

• Typically housed in a dedicated fire pump room

5. Fire Water Storage Tank

• Provides a reliable water source for firefighting systems

• Designed based on occupancy hazard, local fire code, and flow duration

• May be ground-mounted, elevated, or underground